Homosexuality in the Christian Church Essay

Homosexuality is defined as consistent fantasy, interest and arousal toward a person of the same sex. Disagreement exists about the explanation of homosexuality. On the other hand, evidence supports the fact that homosexuality has existed throughout the history of humankind and is not just a development of the 20th century. Early psychoanalytic theory concluded that homosexuality developed from conflicts derived from early developmental disturbances. Investigators more in recent times have explored neuroendocrine explanations as a cause of homosexual development. The results of these studies have been controversial. On the other hand, a lot of experts believe that sexual orientation, whether heterosexual or homosexual, is the consequence of a multifaceted interface flanked by anatomic and hormonal influences during fetal growth. As investigators attempt to reply the question of etiology, others have worked to further define the incidence of homosexuality. Cognitive and communal expansion throughout adolescence is an intricate progression characterized by the acquisition of a sense of self-separate from family, a sexual independence, the capacity for intimacy and the ability to be autonomous. (The Christian Science Monitor) For those young people who grow a homosexual orientation in a society based on heterosexuality, the changeover all the way through adolescence is expanded and expressed to some extent in a different way throughout the stage of acquiring a sexual uniqueness. Interviews with gay and lesbian youth specify a general pattern in which an adolescent accepts his or her own homosexuality. It is the sexual orientation toward people of the same sex. Homosexuality contrasts with heterosexuality, sexual orientation toward people of the opposite sex. People with a sexual orientation toward members of both sexes are called bisexuals. Female homosexuals are often called lesbians. In modern years, the word gay has been applied to both homosexual men and women. Homosexuality appears in almost all societal contexts within unlike community settings, socioeconomic levels, and cultural and dutiful groups. The number of homosexuals in the inhabitants is not easy to find out, and dependable data do not subsist. Nevertheless, current estimates propose that the term homosexual may relate to 2 to 4 percent of men. Estimates for lesbians are lesser. Not all people who slot in homosexual commotion essentially classify themselves as homosexual. (Zgourides, G. ) The move toward greater unity among Protestant denominations has continued in the 21st century; however, within denominations there is still conflict between conservatives and moderates or liberals. One for the most part divisive issue is homosexuality. Denominations debate whether to ordain practicing homosexuals and whether to bar clergy from performing same-sex marriage ceremonies. Some churches condemn all homosexual activity, while others refuse to do so. Consequently, according to the same religious law that many of them use when religiously citing the gay and lesbian community, countless, reputable Christian leaders today, especially within African America, are in a word adulterers. However, you will not readily read of religious leaders publicly denouncing the social and spiritual validity of their fellow divorced clergy who have married more than once, like you will their `cry loud and spare not’ public cries relating to gay and lesbians desiring the equal choice and right to marry only once. There exists no evidence that suggests Jesus ever discussed same-sex anything, publicly or privately, during his ministry. However, Christ, the bedrock of modern-day Christianity, did publicly condemn religious leaders of his age for granting bills of divorcement. However, wading through all the hype in the media these days one might just conclude the opposite. (Knutson, D. C. ) It is considered an act of unconditional grace to say that the immeasurable, unmerited grace available from God stops only at the sin of adultery. Does God’s amazing grace cover only those sins of Old Testament law that are socially comfortable by today’s standards? Let me put it another way: Is divorce (absent of unfaithfulness) a sin? Many Christians might respond, and there is plenty of scripture to back that up. Then will God consider the bed of that remarried person defiled? Most would probably respond, No, absolutely not, because of the New Testament law of grace, and there is plenty of scripture to support this. Christian churches historically have discriminated, excluded, and persecuted homosexuals on the basis of their sexuality. The emergence of new social attitudes and modernization has contributed to the easing of such taboos. However, the role of the church to defend minorities has led to serious conflicts between the gay community and the church’s prohibition of homosexuality. Within the Christian churches, homosexually oriented people have been excluded, marginalized and persecuted in the great majority of cases. The relatively few exceptions, which are known, are seldom taken into account. John Boswell, from whom the most important studies in this area have come, has found examples of liturgical forms for the union of same-sex partners from the churches of Asia Minor. Nevertheless, it must be said in general that in societies, which have morally proscribed homosexual relations, treated them as taboo or legally forbidden them, the sexual ethic upheld by the churches has not represented a divergent position. (Bauserman, R. ) New reflection by the churches in this area began only under the influence of a shift in social attitudes towards sexuality. The processes of modernization and secularization were accompanied by a removal of sexuality from the realm of taboo and a new respect for the private sphere. Furthermore, since the end of the 19th century modern sexual research has brought new insights into how the sexual identity of persons is formed. In addition, constitutional provisions guaranteeing the rule of law have made it possible for the first time for homosexual people to organize and struggle publicly for the abolition of discriminatory laws and regulations. For the most part the churches have supported the decriminalization of homosexuality only hesitantly. Nor was this new orientation primarily the consequence of new biblical insights or spiritual experiences; rather, the reconsideration was touched off by other factors. In the first place, personal encounter with gay or lesbian people, once they no longer had to conceal themselves but could begin to speak for themselves, was certainly important. As a rule, living alongside homosexual persons on the job, in the neighborhood, within the circle of friends or relatives leads to a reconsideration of traditional social or individual prejudices. A second factor was the exposure of individuals or groups in a good number of churches and congregations to the investigations and findings of modern empirical research on sexuality. However, this research is academically institutionalized (usually in connection with faculties of medicine) in only a few countries; and church declarations on sexual ethics draw explicitly on scientific sexological research only rarely and usually in passing. Finally, it should be noted that quite a few churches have accepted the decriminalization of homosexuality and the principle of non-discrimination against people because of sexual orientation through decisions by their competent governing bodies without however immediately reconsidering their own moral convictions and reservations on the issue. Churches time and again have a great deal of freedom for autonomous structuring of their ordinances and especially their offices. They should work at abolishing any remaining discrimination because of individual sexual orientation in the right to hold office and accept homosexual persons as office-bearers of course, as in the case of all office-bearers, according to the measure of their suitability for the growth of the community. (Boswell, J)

Shareholder value analysis of carphone warehouse - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2115 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? The chosen company for our shareholder value analysis is Carphone Warehouse Group Plc. The company has outstanding growth and has a dominant market position. It is the largest independent mobile retailer in Europe. After reviewing the latest Annual reports between 2000 2009, the model is used to calculate the shareholder value minus the estimate of total corporation value. Here are the 10 steps used to calculate the Shareholder value analysis for Carphone Warehouse Group Plc. Step 1: Calculate weighted average Cost of Capital Weighted Average cost of capital (WACC) = Ke * We + Kd * Wd Where, Ke stand for cost of equity Kd stands for cost of debt We stand for weight of equity proportion to total capital structure Wd stands for weight of debt proportion to total capital structure The figure below shows the WACC in detail. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Shareholder value analysis of carphone warehouse" essay for you Create order step 1 calculate WACC  wacc = ke *we+kd*wd risk free rate = 3.50% FTSE return = 9% beta = 101%  ke = 3.5%(101%*9%-3.5%))  gross debt = 5% tax adjustment = (1-28)  kd = 5%*0.72% =  debt to equity ratio = 20:80  we = 80%  wd = 20%  WACC = (9.6%*80%)+(3.6%*20%) = 8.4% Step 2: Calculate Future Turnover Total turnover for the year = Turnover for the last year + increase (turnover of the last year * growth rate) The assumption of the growth rate was calculated using the previous annual records for the company. This is given in the SVA model and shows to be 24.37% This was then used to calculate an estimated forecast of turnover for the next 7 years. Step 3: Calculate Operating Profit We calculated the average profit margin using the previous 10 years of data; hence using the change in percentage from previous year we used the average of that as our rate of profit margin which is 2.18%. We then used the forecasted turnover from step 2 and multiplied this to the profit margin to calculate the forecasted profits for the next 7 years pre tax. Step 4: Calculate After-Tax Inflow This step was used to calculate the post tax of estimated profits. We got our results by multiplying the pretax profits with the tax rate of 28%; we then subtracted the tax worked out from the post tax profit to get the post tax inflow. Step 5: Calculate Incremental Investment Needs We first calculated the working capital investment rate, we did this by dividing the turnover with working capital per year from 2000 2009 as a percentage and then we used the average percentage as our working capital rate. This was then used to used to work out the capital required, we did by multiplying the turnover per forecasted year by the working capital rate (6.2%). Step 6: Calculate Free Cash Flow (FCF) FCF = After-tax inflow [fixed investment cash outflow + working capital Investment cash outflow] Free cash flow measures how much money a company generates after deducting maintenance. FCF is important as it allows the company to pursue opportunities that will enhance the shareholders value. Step 7: Calculate Present value of future cash flow in seven years Discount the future cash flow based on weighted average cost of capital PV of FCF for each year= FCF *Discount Factor Total Present value of Future cash flow for seven years = FCF year 1 / ( 1+WACC) + FCF year 2 1/(1 +WACC)^2 + FCF year 3 1/(1 +WACC)^3+ FCF year 4 1/(1 +WACC)^4+ FCF year 5 1/(1 +WACC)^5+ FCF year 6 1/ (1 +WACC)^6 = 2677003479.09 Step 8: Calculate Business Value First calculate PV of RV which equals to after tax inflow divided by WACC (calculate from step 1) then the result to be multiplied by the discount factor. Present value of Residual value can be calculated as the form of perpetuity. There is assumption made that the cash flow after seven years would be constant amount and forever, which the definition of perpetuity is and it can be calculated using formula. Business Value = Cumulative PV of FCF + PV of RV Therefore, total Business Value = 26770034791 + 69502852504= £ 96272887295 Step 9: Calculate Corporate Value The total corporate value is the sum of Business value and the Marketable securities like equities offered by the corporation. Marketable security is used as of year 2009  £ 872000000.00 Corporate Value = Business Value + Marketable Securities (investments)  £ 96272887295 +  £ 872000000.00 Therefore, Corporate value =  £97144887294.68 Step 10: Calculate Shareholder Value Shareholder Value = Corporate Value -Total Debt Total Debt = Long term + Short term Total Debt = 425000000 + 33000000 = 458000000 Corporate Value=  £97144887294.68 458000000 Total Shareholder Value =  £ 96686887295 Part A (2) ÃÆ' ¢-  The growth rate This was calculated based on the previous 9 years of annual revenue of the company. The annual Growth rate was worked out using the average percentage of change between 2 financial years, i.e. 2001-2000. The growth rate is 24.37% The growth rate is moderately high and that is largely to the fact that the company has expanded with its venture with Best Buy in the United States. We thought about not including the 2009 annual figures within our model but then decided using our judgment that it would be best to use them. The assumption here is that the mobile phone industry is expanding globally which are good future prospects for the sales of independent retailers of mobile phones and electronics. ÃÆ' ¢-  profit margin (pre tax) : We used the the profit margins from the annual reports dating back to 2000, and worked out the average of 2.18%. In my opinion this rate is a more realistic value even though the comp any is showing high sales growth. ÃÆ' ¢-  tax rate Here, is the assumption made that Taxes is depend on the Revenue and it is assumed that tax rate will be constant for the seven year period but the total amount of tax paid each year will vary based on the growth of revenue. we have assumed that the tax rate in countries other than UK averages 28% as well. This is because of lack of information on the international operations and taxation of  CWG  and because the majority of the business of  CWG  after the joint venture in the States is now in UK. Therefore we have not included any other taxes regarding taxation. ÃÆ' ¢-  fixed capital investment rate To calculate the fixed capital investment forecast the fixed capital in terms of plants , machinery fixed assets will be used for seven year time period. The expected future growth rate is calculated similarly from compounded annual growth rate in which annual growth is assum ed to constant but it can vary with in the year period. The assumption is that the organization fixed assets requirement will be similar in the past. ÃÆ' ¢-  Investment in working capital rate Here, is the assumption made that working capital requirement will depend on the Revenue and it is assumed that growth rate will be constant for seven year period but the total amount of investment in working capital each year will be varied based on the growth of revenue. Thus, to calculate the investment in working capital the growth rate used is the sales growth rate. Part A(3) Report to the director This report will be outlining the main constraints of the valuation model and how risk and uncertainty could be incorporated into the valuation process. The valuation module indicates that Carphone warehouse will be succeeding in the foreseeable future. However the future results are assumptions that we have calculated using formulas. Many factors can influence changes that are out of our control such as environmental, political, economical and technical factors. Risks may arise from any of those factors listed above. The awareness on shareholder value does not take into account societal needs. Shareholder value financially benefits only the owner of t he corporation; it does not provide a clear measure of social factors such as employment, environmental issues, or ethical business practices. As a result, a management decision can exploit shareholder value while adversely affecting third parties, including other companies. Shareholder value is a term that suggests that the decisive measure of a companys success is how well it enriches its shareholders. Shareholder Value Analysis is one of a number of techniques used as substitutes for traditional business measurements In May 2008 Carphone Warehouse merged into two commercial agreements with Best Buy, a leading US consumer electronics retailer, also launching Best Buy Mobile an independent retail format in the US. They also invested in a launch of a Geek Squad, a home technology support business, in the UK, to assist customers with their increasingly complex home technology needs. The key component of the valuation module is the estimation of future cash flows, it can be extremely difficult to complete accurately, and the risk of this can lead to incorrect or misleading figures forming the basis for strategic decisions. When calculating the figures we found difficulty as a group finding data as well as understanding the formulas to calculate the organizations shareholder values. It can be extrem ely difficult to estimate future cash flows accurately. The limitations we faced was dependent heavily on two key drivers, cost of capital and planning horizon as well as non cash measures such as operating profit margin due to the difficulties of finding information and the importance of having the information in the method to enable us to complete the formulas and accomplish affective results. We understood the importance when planning is to adopt the shareholder value as a significant financial objective and the implications and best approach for our chosen business Carphone Warehouse. Part B THE VALUATION METHODS NAV Long Term Liabilities  Long Term Debt -425 Group Loans (long t.) 0 Director Loans (long t.) 0 Hire Purch. Leas. (long t.) 0 Hire Purchase (long t.)  Leasing (long t.)  Other Long Term Loans -425 Total Other Long Term Liab.  Accruals Def. Inc. (l. t.)  Other Long Term Liab.  Provisions for Other Liab.  Deferred Tax  Other Provisions  Pension Liabilities  Balance sheet Minorities  Long Term Liabilities -425   Total Assets less Liabilities 1,116 Shareholders Funds  Issued Capital 1 Ordinary Shares  Preference Shares  Other Shares  Total Reserves 1,115 Share Premium Account 476 Revaluation Reserves 0 Profit (Loss) Account 690 Other Reserves -51 Shareholders Funds 1,116 Taking Carphone Warehouse 2009 accounts the NAV per share is: 1116/914108246= 1.22p per share Net asset value is a term used to describe the value of an entitys assets less the value of its liabilities. In the case of no-load funds Carphone Warehouses NAV, market price, and offering price are the entire matching figure, which the public pays to buy shares, offer prices are quoted after adding the sales charge to the net asset value. NAV is calculated by most funds after the close of the exchanges each day by taking the closing market value of all securities owned plus all other assets such as cash, subtracting all liabilities, and then dividing the result by the total number of shares outstanding. The number of shares outstanding can vary each day depending on the number of purchases and redemptions. This is not very successful and commonly used approach as it has many drawbacks and limitation. It does not take into account of time value of money. It also not concerned about the capital structure of firm has. Price earnings ratio P/E Ratio = Market Price EPS P/E ratio = 194.40p/ 347million/914108246= 194.40/0.3796= 512.11 times The P/E ratio of a stock is a measure of the price paid for a share relative to the annual net income or profit earned by the firm per share. The P/E is usually based on earnings from the last four quarters; the P/E is more than a measure of Carphone Warehouses past performance. It also takes into account market expectations for  a companys  growth. Carphone warehouse stock prices reflect what investors think a company will be worth. Future growth is already accounted for in the stock price. As a result, a better way of interpreting the P/E ratio is as a reflection of the markets optimism concerning a companys growth prospects. If a company has a P/E higher than the market or industry average, this means that the market is expecting big things over the next few months or years. A company with a high P/E ratio will eventually have to live up to the high ra ting by considerably increasing its earnings, or the stock price will need to fall. Discounted Cash Flow Basis Free cash flows: Revenues less operating costs plus depreciation less investment expenditure Revenue =347 million operating costs= -771million depreciation= 54 million investment expenditure= 872 million 347m 771m + 54m 872m = 7560000 P/E is short for the ratio of a companys share price to its per-share earnings. As the name implies, to calculate the P/E, you simply take the current stock price of a company and divide by its earnings per share Discounted Cash Flow is a cash flow summary  adjusted to reflect the time value of money.  DCF is an important factor to Carphone Warehouse when  evaluating or comparing investments, proposed actions,  or purchases, Other things being equal, especially in 2009 when Carphone Warehouse emerged with a company called best way in America. The  action or investment with the larger DCF is the better decision. When  discounted cash flow events in a cash flow stream are added together, the result is called the Net Present Value.

Fast Food Industry Essay - 724 Words

It is not a surprise that fast food has become a way of life in America. Every day about a quarter of the adult population n United States visits the fast food restaurant. Every month about 90 percent of children aged 3-9 visit McDonalds. According to Schlosser, Americans spent more than $110 billion a year on the fast food. In his book Fast Food Nation Eric Schlosser is not chiefly interested in the consumption of fast food, but his primary objective is to explore manufacturing starting with the unemployment. His book deals with United States politics and raises many social issues. It has been estimated that one out of eight workers at some point of their career worked at McDonalds. Today there are approximately 3.5 million†¦show more content†¦Schlosser makes a statement that fast food has changed the society and popular culture. He strongly believes that this industry is exploiting teenagers and minorities. Who is guilty? Is it executives? Schlosser says that the executives who run the fast food industry are not bad men. They are businessmen. They will sell free-range, organic, grass-fed hamburgers if you demand it. They will sell whatever sells at a profit . The social position of service workers is of primary importance for the author in trying to inform the reader about negative sides of the fast food industry. In 1998, according to Fast Food Nation, more restaurant workers were murdered on the job in the United States than police officers. Fast food industry often hires young, poor and disabled not because it is such a good industry, but because it gains government subsidies for training. The author tells the reader about how industry has fought unions and how it does benefit from hiring teenagers. The author continues that US teens are injured on the job twice the rate of adult workers. The jobs are kept mechanized to be able to change cheap workforce quickly instead of hiring well-trained and informed specialist who might demand insurance and higher wages. In addition, in this book the author examines the rise of fast food and careers of Ray Kroc and others . Schlosser agreesShow MoreRelatedFast Food And The Food Industry1642 Words   |  7 PagesThe majority of Americans enjoy fast food like bees enjoy their honey. Fast food is hard not to love due to families experiencing fast paced days, parents who work more than 20 hours a week, and having children with picky appetites can be rough. For most American families, it can be a challenge to not consider eating fast food more than once a week. The fast food industry has grown tremendously through the years. The one restaurant that is known all over the world for their golden arches and theirRead MoreFast Food Industry1506 Words   |  7 PagesTable of Contents: 1) Executive Summary †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 2) Industry Structure Analysis †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.2 3) Five Force Model †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.3 4) Comparative industry structure analyses †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.5 5) Critical Success Factors Now ...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.5 6) Critical Success Factors in Future...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.P.7 7) Conclusion †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦P.8 6) Appendix †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..P.9 Executive Summary: Hong Kong is a city in which efficiency and speed areRead MoreThe Fast Food Industry Essay2085 Words   |  9 Pagesyears old, I got my first job at the most wonderful fast food restaurant ever, Cookout. 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In today’s world of technology andRead MoreFast Fashion On Fast Food Industry2279 Words   |  10 PagesSlow Fashion Fast fashion is a force that needs constant change from retailers; new garments and new trends cycle out as fast as a bi-weekly basis, putting pressure on the industry to sell fast and cheap to the consumer. However, with the news publishing more articles about the working conditions in factories, comparable to the Rana Plaza disaster in Bangladesh, and the run-off pollution these factories produce, the consumer is demanding more transparency in the supply chain. The introduction toRead MoreEssay on Fast Food Industry968 Words   |  4 Pagesworld has become so fast paced that everything is rushed. Almost every aspect of life has become industrialized. Food and the way it is prepared is no exception to this world that always appears to be in fast forward. The fast food industry has revolutionized how and what people eat. The public has begun to consume more fast food and the problem is that people do not know what they are eating. If the concept of a nutritious meal is thrown out th e window for the convenience of fast food then the healthRead MoreThe Fast Food Industry1246 Words   |  5 Pageschanged their spending habits in particular food. This has lead fast food joints to profits, proving that there is an upside to our low economy Todays industry faces high real-estate prices and highway strips teeming with fast-fooleries, there is now one restaurant for every 2,700 Americans, compared with one for every 7,000 in the late 1970s (Clark). Chains have been branching out into sports arenas, airports, hospitals, colleges, turnpike stops, mall food courts, kiosks, airline in-flight meal servicesRead MoreFast Food And The Kingdom Of The Fast Foods Industry1532 Words   |  7 Pagesof the fast food industry. Since White Castle, which was known as the first fast food chain in the United States, was established by Walter Anderson and Edgar Waldo â€Å"Billy† Ingram in 1921 (Kieler), other fast food chains also emerged such as McDonalds, Taco bell, Burger Ki ng, or Wendy’s after 1941 (Wilson). Among those various fast food chains, especially, McDonalds became the biggest fast food chain not only in the overall America but also all around the world (Wilson). Nowadays, fast food is servingRead MoreThe Effects Of Fast Food On The Food Industry2319 Words   |  10 Pagespresent themselves (What Causes Obesity, 2006). Advertisements in the fast food industry are persuading people to eat their greasy, fat, salty, unhealthy foods (McDonald’s Advertising Themes, 2013). In order for people to live a happy, healthy life, they must change their eating habits. However, fast food advertisements are contributing to what is making eating habits so hard to change, with their misleading advertising. Fast food is slowly but surely killing us, yet we hardly notice until it finallyRead MoreThe Fast Food Industry Essays1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe dagger of the people is always twisting and changing the fast food world. Fast food itself has always been changing due to social, economic, and health concerns. To begin I will cover the origins of fast food, followed by a brief discussion about McDonalds as well as Burger King. This will be accompanied by a brief discussion on Taco Bell, with our final subject covering healthier fast food options. The origins of the fast food death machine: The machines gears were forged by the company known

Supreme Court Justice Debate the Constitution Essay

Essays on Supreme Court Justice Debate the Constitution Essay The paper "Supreme Court Justice Debate the Constitution" is an outstanding example of an essay on law. To start with, Court judges Stephen Breyer and Antonin Scalia are legitimate extremes, however in no way, shape or form enemies. In October 2011, the two Justices testified before a Senate Judiciary Committee in Congress (Andrea, 2011). The conversation forms the foundation of all legal debates and how to translate the Constitution of the United States of America. For close to two hours, the Justices talked about the contrasts between the role of judges and their judicial philosophies. The open debate has Scalia and Breyer explaining the likelihood of persuasion, drawbacks of Constitutional history, and the possibility or existence of Justice and equity. Without any doubt, the two Justices concur more than they differ. Collectively, they concur in most of the cases they considered. Justice Scalia accepts the fact that judges ought to focus and strictly observe the expectations of the mastermind behind the expressions of the Constitution. Indeed, Scalia is considerate about any deviations from the initial meaning of the Constitutions content. He unequivocally condemns Supreme Court rulings that enhance activist judiciary rather than playing a neural part in a democratic society (Moran, 2011, p30). However, Justice Breyer believes that the ideas outlined by the framers of the Constitution should be restructured to apply to modern society. Breyer concentrates fundamentally on making Americas examination in democracy useful by giving a voice to the people through the aggregate judgments and opinions of the nine unelected Justices of the Supreme Court (p.36)In conclusion, Justices Scalia and Breyer talk about the diverse speculations of h ow to translate and implement the U.S Constitution to cases and how they influence democracy and the daily lives of American citizens. While Justice Breyer interprets the Constitution by using the Living Constitution approach, Scalia expresses his concerns using the Textual approach. As observed, the two Justices concur that there is a misrepresentation of legal moderation and that religion cases are hard. Also, Scalia and Breyer agree to the fact that judicial activism bears no results.

Leadership Challenge Selecting Team Members Free Essays

When we think leader, we think of the person in charge, the person who is making all the decisions within an organization. We believe that a leader should be charismatic, smart and able to influences others to do what they want and be successful at their role. Nahavandi (2006) defines a leader as a person who influences individuals and groups within an organization, helps them in establishing goals and guides them towards achievement of those goals, which allows them to be effective. We will write a custom essay sample on Leadership Challenge: Selecting Team Members or any similar topic only for you Order Now In order to be a good leader you will need to be effective in your role. Effective leaders are proven when their supporters achieve their goals, can work together as a team and can adjust to the many changes within the company and the changing demands from exterior forces. Is there a difference between a manager and a leader? Most people would say that a good manager can be a good leader. The functions of a manager are similar to that of a leader; the functions of a manager are to bring order and regularity to the company by planning, budgeting, organizing, staffing directing and controlling. Throughout this report we will show the differences between leading and managing. Should the company move towards a team based, empowered organization and why. We will provide ways in which to deal with resistance to the new changes within the company. Leading vs. Managing Leading and managing is said to be different in the way they organize people. A manager’s role is to capitalize on the output of the company through managerial operation by organization, planning, staffing, directing and controlling. These functions allow the manager to focus on the resources in addition to people while leading focuses on influencing people. Both are needed in order for a company to be successful and effective. They are often considered to be the same thing, the main distinction between leading and managing is that we manage things and lead people. Pascale (1990) states that a managers do things right, while leaders do the right thing. You will need to lead the managers into the need of a team-based environment which will allow them to manage the lowest level employee to achieve their goals. The effectiveness of teamwork in a transfer to a team-based organization, consistency improvement practices by showing them learning by leading as an example, mentoring and guided delegation are important to improve the social effectiveness of the team as a whole. Team-based, empowered organization Moving to a team based environment in order to increase customer satisfaction can be considered to be a good thing for the company on a whole. Allowing the lower level employees the ability to make decisions that are within the best interest of the customer and that will benefit the company. They will get a sense of pride in their work because they are more involved in the development and decision making process of the company. There are many companies today who operate under a team-based environment, like 3M, General Electric and Deere Co. They are known for their good management practice. While other companies were moving toward a more technology environment Deere realized to having a world class company was in the organizing its people. Deere brought their product and manufacturing engineering team together to create the yellow backhoe loader-digger. By doing so Deere the teams shift from tentative synchronized engineering to organized united engineering. Both teams were involved from the design phase to the production phase. In 1988 for the first time Deere had everyone from all the department involve in the production of their new machine, tool design, welding, product and manufacturing engineering, purchasing, the shop floor, and the accounting department. Moving your company to a team-based environment will benefit everyone involve from the lowest level employee to the managers and executive. How to cite Leadership Challenge: Selecting Team Members, Essay examples

Michelangelo italian artist Essay Example For Students

Michelangelo italian artist Essay Michelangelo Bonaparte, the greatest of the Italian Renaissance artists, was born on March 6, 1475, in the small village of Cappers (Today, Cappers is known as Cappers Michelangelo or Tuscany, Italy). Michelangelo grew up in Florence, Italy. His Father was a government administrator and his Mother died when he was only six years old. After the death of his mother Michelangelo lived with a stone cutter and his family in the town of Suggesting, where his father owned a marble quarry and small farm. Along with living with a stone cutter (where he learned to handle marble), Michelangelo influences included ad Vinci and Dominic Giordano. Michelangelo showed no interest in school, he preferred to copy paintings from churches and seek the company of painters. His artistic talents were noticed at a very early age. At the age of thirteen, Michelangelo was apprenticed to the painter Domenici Giordano. At age fourteen Michelangelo father persuaded Giordano to pay Michelangelo as an artist, which was unusual at the time. Demonstrating obvious talent, he was taken under the wing of Lorenz De Medici, the ruler of the Florentine republic and a great patron of the arts. For two years beginning in 1490, he lived in the Medici palace and attended the Humanist academy, where he was a student of the sculptor Foretold did Giovanni and studied the Medici art collection, which included ancient Roman statuary. At the academy, both Michelangelo outlook and his art was influenced by many of the most prominent philosophers and writers of the day. At this time Michelangelo sculpted the Madonna of the Steps (1490-1492) and Battle of the Centaurs (1491-1492). Lorenz De Medici, the man who gave Michelangelo the tools and schooling to perfect his artistry, passed away in 1492. Michelangelo decided that it was time to return home to his family, but he continued studying on his own. Although the practice was forbidden at the time by the church, Michelangelo got special permission to study anatomy of the dead at a hospital in the church of Santos Spirits. He used his new knowledge of the human body to create some of his most famous works, including the famous statue of David (1501-1504), the sculptures in the Church of San Pitter, and the Creation of Adam on the Sistine Chapels ceiling, which there is a hypotheses that part of it is shaped like the human brain. Michelangelo love for sculpture continued to grow, and so did the attention of the world to his work. His demand as an artist grew, and he began creating some of the most famous works of his career. And then there is his architecture, where Michelangelo reordered ancient forms in an entirely new and dramatic ways. Michelangelo was principally a sculptor and always claimed that architecture was not his profession, but, with a sculptors vision, he saw buildings as dynamic organisms metaphors of the human body and he designed some of the most impressive architecture in all story. Among his best-known buildings are the Medici Chapel and the Laurent Library in Florence and he finished the architectural work on SST. Pewters Basilica in Rome. Michelangelo renewed architectures potential for the next generation of architects, freeing them from the need to slavishly imitate models from the past and allowing them to arrive at their own forms of expression. Michelangelo, though best known for his sculpture, was also a poet. He composed over 300 pieces of poetry painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling. In his poems he discusses categories pertaining o love, death, evil and good, and beauty. His writing is similar to his art in that every word is carved into the realities of life. Michelangelo art is his love of male beauty, which attracted him both by the nature of natural beauty and emotionally. Such feelings caused him great anguish, and he expressed the struggle between reality and desire for the male body in his sculpture and his poetry. The sculptor loved many youths, many of whom posed for him. His greatest love was Topmast die Cavalier, who was 16 years old when Michelangelo met him in 1532, at the age of 57. Cavalier was open to the older mans affection and Michelangelo dedicated many poems to him. .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .postImageUrl , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:visited , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:active { border:0!important; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:active , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Michelangelo’s Pieta Persuasive EssaySome say Michelangelo relationship with Cavalier was only a deep friendship and not sexual. Even if Michelangelo had homo-erotic impulses, there is no evidence he acted on them. Cavalier was not the only inspiration for Michelangelo poetry. Later in life he fell in love with Aviators Colon. She was a widow and friend to Michelangelo in his later maturity. Between Michelangelo and Aviators Colon a deep friendship developed, one might almost say an absolutely pure love, inspired by poetry and that, out of which were to emerge some of Michelangelo finest lyric poems, overflowing with admiration and devotion. She died at the age of 56 and Michelangelo was deeply affected by her death writing many commemorative pieces in her honor. Michelangelo worked until his death in 1564 at the age of 88. He caught a fever and a few days later he passed away. Michelangelo revolutionize artistic techniques altered the artists method for centuries, and still effect how art is made today. His view on the world and its leaders changed the way artists portray their objects and how bold they allowed their artwork to be. Michelangelo will always be known as one of the most influential artists the world has ever known. Http://en. Wisped. Org/wick/Michelangelo www. Sparseness. Com Several hypotheses have been put forward about the meaning of The Creation of Dams highly original composition, many of them taking Michelangelo well- documented expertise in human anatomy as their starting point. In 1990, an Anderson, Indiana physician named Frank Lynn Misremember, M. D. Noted in the medical publication the Journal o f the American Medical Association that the aground figures and shapes portrayed behind the figure of God appeared to be an anatomically accurate picture of the human brain. 5] Dry. Messengers interpretation has been discussed by Dry. Mark Lee Apple. On close examination, borders in the painting correlate with major usual of the cerebrum in the inner and outer surface of the brain, the brain stem, the frontal lobe, the basilar artery, the Alternatively, it has been observed that the red cloth around God has the shape of a human uterus (one art historian has called it a uterine mantle), and that the Carr hanging out, colored green, could be a newly cut umbilical cord. 8] This is an interesting hypothesis that presents the Creation scene as an idealized representation of the physical birth of man. It explains the navel that appears on Adam, which is at first perplexing because he was created, not born of a woman. Michelangelo was both highly literate and plain-spoken. He felt passio nate toward individuals, both female and male (Aviator Colon and Topmasts Cavalier in particular. Platonic love suited Michelangelo because the demands of his profession came first. Aviators, who was independent and highly intelligent, was inaccessible. She was the woman who came closest to being his intellectual equal, and a person characterized by loftiness, nobility and virtueall of which appealed to the poet. He turned to her for guidance and idealized her through the ecstasy of his religious mindset; Michelangelo was a deeply religious person who believed in prayer and all the accompanying Renaissance religious imagery characteristic of his era. She was a widow and friend to Michelangelo in his later maturity.

Michelangelo italian artist Essay Example For Students

Michelangelo italian artist Essay Michelangelo Bonaparte, the greatest of the Italian Renaissance artists, was born on March 6, 1475, in the small village of Cappers (Today, Cappers is known as Cappers Michelangelo or Tuscany, Italy). Michelangelo grew up in Florence, Italy. His Father was a government administrator and his Mother died when he was only six years old. After the death of his mother Michelangelo lived with a stone cutter and his family in the town of Suggesting, where his father owned a marble quarry and small farm. Along with living with a stone cutter (where he learned to handle marble), Michelangelo influences included ad Vinci and Dominic Giordano. Michelangelo showed no interest in school, he preferred to copy paintings from churches and seek the company of painters. His artistic talents were noticed at a very early age. At the age of thirteen, Michelangelo was apprenticed to the painter Domenici Giordano. At age fourteen Michelangelo father persuaded Giordano to pay Michelangelo as an artist, which was unusual at the time. Demonstrating obvious talent, he was taken under the wing of Lorenz De Medici, the ruler of the Florentine republic and a great patron of the arts. For two years beginning in 1490, he lived in the Medici palace and attended the Humanist academy, where he was a student of the sculptor Foretold did Giovanni and studied the Medici art collection, which included ancient Roman statuary. At the academy, both Michelangelo outlook and his art was influenced by many of the most prominent philosophers and writers of the day. At this time Michelangelo sculpted the Madonna of the Steps (1490-1492) and Battle of the Centaurs (1491-1492). Lorenz De Medici, the man who gave Michelangelo the tools and schooling to perfect his artistry, passed away in 1492. Michelangelo decided that it was time to return home to his family, but he continued studying on his own. Although the practice was forbidden at the time by the church, Michelangelo got special permission to study anatomy of the dead at a hospital in the church of Santos Spirits. He used his new knowledge of the human body to create some of his most famous works, including the famous statue of David (1501-1504), the sculptures in the Church of San Pitter, and the Creation of Adam on the Sistine Chapels ceiling, which there is a hypotheses that part of it is shaped like the human brain. Michelangelo love for sculpture continued to grow, and so did the attention of the world to his work. His demand as an artist grew, and he began creating some of the most famous works of his career. And then there is his architecture, where Michelangelo reordered ancient forms in an entirely new and dramatic ways. Michelangelo was principally a sculptor and always claimed that architecture was not his profession, but, with a sculptors vision, he saw buildings as dynamic organisms metaphors of the human body and he designed some of the most impressive architecture in all story. Among his best-known buildings are the Medici Chapel and the Laurent Library in Florence and he finished the architectural work on SST. Pewters Basilica in Rome. Michelangelo renewed architectures potential for the next generation of architects, freeing them from the need to slavishly imitate models from the past and allowing them to arrive at their own forms of expression. Michelangelo, though best known for his sculpture, was also a poet. He composed over 300 pieces of poetry painting the Sistine Chapel ceiling. In his poems he discusses categories pertaining o love, death, evil and good, and beauty. His writing is similar to his art in that every word is carved into the realities of life. Michelangelo art is his love of male beauty, which attracted him both by the nature of natural beauty and emotionally. Such feelings caused him great anguish, and he expressed the struggle between reality and desire for the male body in his sculpture and his poetry. The sculptor loved many youths, many of whom posed for him. His greatest love was Topmast die Cavalier, who was 16 years old when Michelangelo met him in 1532, at the age of 57. Cavalier was open to the older mans affection and Michelangelo dedicated many poems to him. .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .postImageUrl , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:visited , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:active { border:0!important; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:active , .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880 .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u10daf268cf41585bc60619457a067880:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Michelangelo’s Pieta Persuasive EssaySome say Michelangelo relationship with Cavalier was only a deep friendship and not sexual. Even if Michelangelo had homo-erotic impulses, there is no evidence he acted on them. Cavalier was not the only inspiration for Michelangelo poetry. Later in life he fell in love with Aviators Colon. She was a widow and friend to Michelangelo in his later maturity. Between Michelangelo and Aviators Colon a deep friendship developed, one might almost say an absolutely pure love, inspired by poetry and that, out of which were to emerge some of Michelangelo finest lyric poems, overflowing with admiration and devotion. She died at the age of 56 and Michelangelo was deeply affected by her death writing many commemorative pieces in her honor. Michelangelo worked until his death in 1564 at the age of 88. He caught a fever and a few days later he passed away. Michelangelo revolutionize artistic techniques altered the artists method for centuries, and still effect how art is made today. His view on the world and its leaders changed the way artists portray their objects and how bold they allowed their artwork to be. Michelangelo will always be known as one of the most influential artists the world has ever known. Http://en. Wisped. Org/wick/Michelangelo www. Sparseness. Com Several hypotheses have been put forward about the meaning of The Creation of Dams highly original composition, many of them taking Michelangelo well- documented expertise in human anatomy as their starting point. In 1990, an Anderson, Indiana physician named Frank Lynn Misremember, M. D. Noted in the medical publication the Journal o f the American Medical Association that the aground figures and shapes portrayed behind the figure of God appeared to be an anatomically accurate picture of the human brain. 5] Dry. Messengers interpretation has been discussed by Dry. Mark Lee Apple. On close examination, borders in the painting correlate with major usual of the cerebrum in the inner and outer surface of the brain, the brain stem, the frontal lobe, the basilar artery, the Alternatively, it has been observed that the red cloth around God has the shape of a human uterus (one art historian has called it a uterine mantle), and that the Carr hanging out, colored green, could be a newly cut umbilical cord. 8] This is an interesting hypothesis that presents the Creation scene as an idealized representation of the physical birth of man. It explains the navel that appears on Adam, which is at first perplexing because he was created, not born of a woman. Michelangelo was both highly literate and plain-spoken. He felt passio nate toward individuals, both female and male (Aviator Colon and Topmasts Cavalier in particular. Platonic love suited Michelangelo because the demands of his profession came first. Aviators, who was independent and highly intelligent, was inaccessible. She was the woman who came closest to being his intellectual equal, and a person characterized by loftiness, nobility and virtueall of which appealed to the poet. He turned to her for guidance and idealized her through the ecstasy of his religious mindset; Michelangelo was a deeply religious person who believed in prayer and all the accompanying Renaissance religious imagery characteristic of his era. She was a widow and friend to Michelangelo in his later maturity.